Official Beijing announced a package of measures against the United States and American companies on Wednesday, describing them as a response to official Washington's recent actions against Chinese companies.
The reciprocal sanctions come just weeks before the expected summit between Chinese President Xi Jinping and US President Donald Trump, which is expected to be held next month in the US.
The world's two largest economies are trying to maintain what they have called "constructive strategic stability" as the technological rivalry between them intensifies.
China's Ministry of Commerce announced on Tuesday that it has imposed sanctions on several US entities, including a biotechnology company and a natural resources analysis company. It has also tightened export controls on drones and related components and technologies to the US.
According to the ministry, six US companies have been added to China's so-called countermeasures list, in response to the US decision last week to ban imports from 43 Chinese companies accused of human rights abuses against Uighurs and other minority groups.
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A seventh company has been added to the list in response to the decision of the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC), which last month banned the import of new humanoid robots and quadrupedal robots, which are mainly produced in China, as well as power converters.
Entities and individuals within China will not be allowed to do business or cooperate with companies included in this list.
The Federal Communications Commission banned the import and sale of new models of drones and critical equipment made by foreign companies, including Chinese ones, in December last year, citing national security concerns. China, the world's largest drone producer, has tightened controls on the export of these products in recent years.
Beijing's measures announced on Wednesday also include launching a national security investigation into imported office equipment that uses foreign software, as well as suspending some cooperation with the US on factory inspection and traceability.
A Commerce Ministry spokesman said Beijing had "no choice but to take necessary countermeasures" in response to recent US actions against Chinese companies.
"China calls on the United States to immediately lift the relevant measures, stop its wrong actions, and work together to maintain a constructive and stable China-US relationship," the spokesperson said.
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In addition to banning imports of new robots and power converters, and blacklisting Chinese companies accused of links to forced labor, the Trump administration has in recent weeks also imposed sanctions on Chinese shipping operators suspected of transporting Iranian fuel.
It has also added new institutions, including two of China's largest civilian universities, to the Pentagon's blacklist.