Kosovo has once again emerged as one of the weakest countries in the latest results published for the PISA 2025 test.
It has remained almost in the same place compared to the assessment made for 15-year-olds in 2022 and 2018.
Compared to the results of 2025, the average results for 2025 are lower in mathematics, while the same in reading and science. While even lower results were recorded compared to all three subjects in 2018.
In mathematics, Kosovo scored 351 points, compared to 355 in 2022. So, there was a drop of 4 points. The average in countries that are part of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) was 463 points, which means that Kosovo is about 112 points below the OECD average.
In reading, Kosovo scored 340 points, two points less than in PISA 2022, when it scored 342 points. The OECD average in PISA 2025 was 461 points. So, Kosovo is about 120 points below the OECD average.
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PISA exposes failure in education
Science was the main area of PISA 2025. Kosovo received 357 points, a result practically the same as in 2022. This is about 125 points below the OECD average of 482 points.
The report reveals that almost no students from Kosovo were among the top performers in science, meaning their skills are rated at level 5 or 6.
These students are said to be able to creatively and independently apply their knowledge of and about science in different situations.
In terms of what students know and can do in mathematics, in Kosovo 15% of students achieved at least Level 2 proficiency in mathematics (OECD average: 65%).
These students can interpret and distinguish, without direct instruction, how a simple situation can be represented mathematically (e.g. comparing the total distance along two alternative routes, or converting prices into another currency).
While in reading, about 16% of students in Kosovo achieved Level 2 or higher (OECD average: 69%).
The least these students can do is identify the main idea in a medium-length text, find information based on clear, albeit sometimes complex, criteria, and can reflect on the purpose and form of texts when explicitly instructed to do so.
In Kosovo, almost no students scored at Level 5 or higher in reading (OECD average: 6%). These students can understand longer texts, can distinguish between fact and opinion, based on implicit data related to the content or source of information.
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Kosovo lags behind in PISA test again
A decrease has also been noted in reports of parental support in almost all countries and economies participating in PISA compared to the previous two editions, including Kosovo.
In 2025, 64% of students in Kosovo reported that their parents or guardians ask them, at least once a week, about what they are doing at school, while 50% reported having discussions at least once a week about problems they may have at school. In 2022, the respective percentages were 74% and 65%, respectively.
