Nissinen: Prolonged stalemate hinders progress in several areas, political will is needed

"While institutional challenges are not uncommon, a prolonged stalemate could hinder progress in some key areas. Restoring the functionality of institutions also helps maintain public trust. Politicians are known for their ability to reach compromise, so I have confidence in their abilities. First and foremost, political will is needed," said Finnish Ambassador Matti Nissinen in a farewell interview for KOHĪN.

The political deadlock after the last elections has created an atmosphere of uncertainty not only for the functioning of institutions, but also for major political processes that have remained suspended, said the Ambassador of Finland, Matti Nissinen, in an interview for KOHĪN. In a situation where the Parliament has not yet been constituted and the new government has not taken office, according to him, the consequences also extend to the field of foreign policy, namely in Kosovo's relations with the European Union (EU).

The Ambassador, in his farewell interview, assesses that the current situation directly affects the ability of institutions to address internal and external challenges, including tensions in the north, which is predominantly inhabited by Serbs. He emphasizes that the situation in this area requires a cautious approach and close coordination with international partners.

“To avoid problems and misunderstandings, it is usually a good idea to take steps with transparency, proportionality and in consultation with relevant stakeholders,” he stressed.

Speaking about the dialogue process between Kosovo and Serbia, Nissinen underlined the importance of continuing the process, despite political challenges. According to him, the talks should not be seen simply as an international obligation, but as a necessary mechanism to guarantee regional stability and pave the way towards Euro-Atlantic integration.

"A results-oriented approach is needed. Clear deadlines and stronger accountability mechanisms can also help," he said.

The Finnish ambassador, who ends his mandate in Kosovo this month, also spoke about bilateral relations, emphasizing that they have great potential, but their realization depends on internal political consolidation and the functioning of institutions.

Bilateral cooperation

KOHA: As your mandate in Kosovo comes to an end, how would you describe your experience as Finland's ambassador here?

Nissinen: Serving as Finland's Ambassador to Kosovo has been a great honor and a deeply rewarding experience. Over the past three years, I have had the privilege of seeing firsthand Kosovo's sustainable development, its vibrant energy and clear international aspirations. I will always cherish the memories of organizing numerous meetings – be it with young leaders, representatives of the business community, civil society activists or journalists – and of direct conversations with students at various universities and colleges. These moments, combined with the Kosovar hospitality, have made my time here truly unforgettable.

KOHA: What do you consider the main achievements during your mandate in strengthening Kosovo-Finland relations?

Nissinen: One of the main achievements has been the deepening of our bilateral cooperation in several sectors, with the aim of creating a comprehensive relationship between two equal countries. In sectors such as education, technology and youth empowerment, we have achieved excellent results together.
I am particularly proud of our joint efforts in promoting trade relations between our countries. During my mandate, we established the Nordic Chamber of Commerce in Kosovo. The future of the chamber looks very promising and this is a special achievement for me. During these three years, the number of Finnish companies visiting Kosovo to seek joint opportunities has steadily increased, opening new doors for cooperation.
Numerous high-level visits, such as Foreign Minister Elina Valtonen's visit to Pristina and President Vjosa Osmani's recent visit to Finland, have further strengthened our political and trade ties.
I am also proud to have been able to bring to Kosovo the greatest innovators and leading entrepreneurs from Finland, who have inspired young Kosovars with their stories and expertise. The Kosovar diaspora in Finland, with its talented and active members, has played a major role in supporting this work. Combined with local initiatives, such as visits to Peja or Gjilan to meet with local entrepreneurs, this has strengthened our relations in a real and long-term way.
And finally, I would like to highlight another important dimension of Finnish-Kosovo cooperation: human rights and social support. A good example is the work of the Deaconess Foundation, which has been active in Kosovo for a long time through strong local partnerships. Their efforts have paved the way for education, employment and essential services, helping to build long-term community resilience.

KOHA: In which specific sectors have you seen the greatest growth or deepening of bilateral cooperation between Finland and Kosovo in recent years?

Nissinen: Education and technology stand out as the areas with the greatest improvements. Finland's expertise in education has been very well received here in Kosovo and we have seen valuable partnerships emerge. Also, our shared interest in digital transformation and green technologies has opened up new opportunities for cooperation, especially between young professionals and startups.

KOHA: What are some of the joint initiatives or projects that stand out as examples of successful cooperation between the two countries?

Nissinen: Several initiatives come to mind, including programs to build capacity in public administration, support to combat disinformation and strengthen resilience, as well as the many efforts to empower young people in Kosovo. I am convinced that these projects will continue in the future.

Kosovo needs the restoration of institutional functionality

KOHA: Kosovo is currently facing a political impasse in the formation of new institutions. From your perspective, how worrying is this situation?

Nissinen: I would like the formation of new institutions to happen as soon as possible. Political stability and predictability are essential for the development of any country. Although institutional challenges are not uncommon, a prolonged stalemate could hinder progress in some key areas. Restoring the functionality of institutions also helps maintain public trust. Politicians are known for their ability to reach compromise, so I have confidence in their abilities. First and foremost, political will is needed.

KOHA: In what way could the institutional blockade affect Kosovo's development and its goals towards Euro-Atlantic integration?

Nissinen: This is undoubtedly one of the main issues of concern. Long delays in the formation of new institutions can block necessary reforms, slow down the implementation of Kosovo's commitments under the European agenda, and create uncertainty for both citizens and investors. In the context of Euro-Atlantic integration, momentum is an asset — once lost, it is difficult to regain. A stable and effective government is essential to advance strategic priorities and implement reforms. In my experience, building institutions on time is also a strong signal of political maturity and credibility to the international community.

KOHA: Given Finland's support for Kosovo's EU membership, do you see a risk that the country will fall behind in fulfilling its obligations under its contractual relationship with the European Union?

Nissinen: Kosovo has shown a strong commitment to the European path, and with continued support from EU member states I believe that these challenges can be overcome. Of course, the “hard work” – meaning social reforms and other obligations – cannot be done by anyone other than Kosovo itself.
Overall, I am very positive about Kosovo's future in Euro-Atlantic organizations, including the EU and NATO, and Finland will remain the biggest supporter of these aspirations.

Concrete results are needed in the dialogue

KOHA: The Kosovo-Serbia dialogue has seen limited progress in recent years. In your opinion, what are the main reasons for the delays in implementing the agreements?

Nissinen: The EU remains committed to facilitating the dialogue between Kosovo and Serbia. But ultimately it is up to the parties to reach an agreement. I believe that the delays stem from a combination of political factors and even different interpretations of the agreements. A breakthrough in the dialogue requires strong political will from both Kosovo and Serbia, and the international community remains committed to facilitating these efforts. At the same time, we must acknowledge that many years have passed and concrete results are now needed.

KOHA: What needs to change in the approach of both parties and perhaps even international mediators to ensure better fulfillment of commitments from the dialogue?

Nissinen: Real political will to agree is the key element. I have learned that in diplomatic negotiations it is better to sit at the negotiating table with proposed solutions, not with accusations and problems. A results-oriented approach is needed. Clear deadlines and stronger accountability mechanisms can also help.
I have full confidence in the EU facilitator and Finland will continue to support dialogue efforts in every possible way.

KOHA: How serious are the security risks in Kosovo, especially in the north, due to unresolved relations between Kosovo and Serbia?

Nissinen: The situation in the north remains fragile. Although efforts have been made to stabilize the region, tensions and incidents demonstrate the need for sustained dialogue and preventive diplomacy. The people in that region deserve the opportunity to live in peace and have real prospects, including education, healthcare and employment opportunities.

KOHA: The Kosovo government has taken several actions in the north, saying they are steps towards establishing law and order. How are these actions perceived from your diplomatic perspective?

Nissinen: In diplomacy, one of the golden rules is not to give public advice to the host government. In general terms, I can say that from my country's perspective, the rule of law is essential. However, to avoid problems and misunderstandings, it is usually a good idea to take steps with transparency, proportionality and in consultation with relevant stakeholders. Everyone should feel included and have the opportunity to contribute to society.

KOHA: Do these actions potentially stabilize the situation or escalate it?

Nissinen: I don't think it's in anyone's interest to see actions that could lead to increased tensions. Dialogue and inclusive governance remain key to long-term stability, and that's what we need to demonstrate.
The local elections in October give people another opportunity to express their opinions and use democratic tools to influence. I hope that voter turnout will be high.

KOHA: How do you see the role of the EU and its member states, including Finland, in supporting long-term normalization and sustainable peace in the region?

Nissinen: The EU and its member states are committed to the region. The EU has a vital role in facilitating dialogue, supporting reforms and promoting regional cooperation.
As an EU member state, Finland remains committed to democratic reforms and development throughout the Western Balkans region. We will continue to advocate for this, with the aim of welcoming the countries of the region into the EU, NATO and other organizations as soon as possible. I see my vision for Kosovo and the entire region as very positive.